Pengaruh Beban Forging terhadap Karakteristik Mekanis Paduan Cu-Ni-Fe-xMn Medium Entropy Alloy Disintesis Menggunakan Metode Metalurgi Serbuk

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the effect of forging load variation and manganese (Mn) composition on the mechanical and physical properties of Cu–Ni–Fe–xMn alloys as potential bushing materials synthesized using the powder metallurgy method. The Mn compositions investigated were 0.5 wt.% and 1.0 wt.%, with forging load variations of 402 N and 431 N. The specimen fabrication process involved powder mixing, cold compaction at a pressure of 250 MPa, sintering at 1000 °C for 60 minutes, followed by a hot forging process. The materials were characterized through density testing, Vickers hardness testing, compressive strength testing, wear resistance testing, and microstructural analysis using optical microscopy. The results indicate that increasing the forging load and Mn content significantly improves density, hardness, and compressive strength while reducing wear rate and porosity. Microstructural observations reveal a decrease in pore distribution with higher forging loads and Mn additions. The optimal combination was obtained in the CuNiFe–1.0 wt.% Mn alloy forged at 431 N, which exhibited the best mechanical properties. These findings demonstrate that CuNiFe–xMn alloys produced by powder metallurgy have strong potential for application as bushing materials with enhanced mechanical performance.