Hubungan antara Pajanan Debu Semen dengan Nilai Faal Paru dan Kejadian Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis pada Pekerja Pabrik Semen PT. X Medan

Abstract

Correlation Between Cement Dust Exposure and Lung Function and the Incidence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Among Workers at PT. X Cement Factory in Medan Background: Risk factors for COPD may vary, such as men having greater risk than women, smoking, old age, malnutrition, asthma, air pollution, and occupational pollution. Occupational exposure to pollution can include smoke, gases, dust, and vapors. Exposure to such pollutants can damage the respiratory tract and trigger an inflammatory response, leading to chronic exposure causing COPD. Objective: This study aims to investigate the association between cement dust exposure and COPD incidence among cement factory workers. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The study sample consists of cement workers at PT. X Medan who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Symptoms were measured using the PUMA questionnaire, and lung function was assessed using spirometry. Data were analyzed using the independent samples Chi-square test or the Mann-Whitney test. Results: The study results showed that PM10 exposure in outdoor areas resulted in a Prevalence Ratio (PR) of 1.130 (95% CI: 0.788–1.619; p > 0.05), while in indoor areas PR = 0.760 (95% CI: 0.306–1.889; p > 0.05). Conclusion: This study emphasizes the importance of education and discipline in primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention for cement factory workers, who are closely associated with high risk factors and COPD incidence, which ultimately can significantly improve workers' quality of life. It is hoped that the results of this study can serve as a basis for the development of disease prevention and control in workers with high exposure to COPD risk factors