Perbandingan antara Mikrobiom Bakteri pada Telapak Kaki Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tanpa Ulkus dengan Non Diabetes Melitus

Abstract

Background: The foot is one of the body parts prone to complications in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). The pathogenesis of diabetic ulcers involves peripheral neuropathy, pressure, trauma, and infection of the feet with changes in the skin microbiome. Research on the comparison of bacterial microbiomes on the soles of the feet of DM patients without ulcers and non-DM individuals is limited. Objective: To determine the comparison of bacterial microbiome characteristics on the soles of the feet of DM patients without ulcers compared to non-DM individuals. Subjects and Methods: This study was an observational study with a cross-sectional design of 15 DM subjects and 15 non-DM subjects. All subjects underwent history taking, physical examination, dermatologic examination, foot skin swab, and bacterial culture examination. The comparison between the foot microbiome of DM patients without ulcers and non-DM patients was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test and was considered significant if the p-value was <0.05. Results: The study subjects were dominated by women as many as 9 people (60%), with a late elderly age group (as many as 6 people (40%)), mean randomized blood glucose (RBG) 334.37±64.16 mg/dL, mean HbA1c 9.78±1.97%, mean disease duration of 9.6±2.69 years, type of oral antidiabetic treatment (as many as 7 people (46.67%)). The most microbiome (aerobic bacteria) in DM patients was Staphylococcus aureus, namely 10 subjects (16.94%), and the non-DM group was Staphylococcus epidermidis as many as 11 subjects (16.18%). The most microbiome (anaerobic bacteria) in the DM group was Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus as many as 4 subjects (26.67%), and the non-DM group found Anaerococcus prevotii as many as 1 subject (6.67%). Conclusion: There is a difference between the bacterial microbiome of the soles of the feet of DM patients without ulcers and non-DM.