Analisis Faktor Risiko Diabetes Melitus Terhadap Kejadian Stroke Iskemik di Rumah Sakit Adam Malik Tahun 2025

Abstract

Introduction. Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death and disability in Indonesia, accounting for 80-85% of all stroke cases. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke with a prevalence of 28.2% among stroke patients. Objective. To analyze the relationship between diabetes mellitus and ischemic stroke at Adam Malik Hospital Medan in 2025. Method. An analytical case-control study. The sample consisted of 204 subjects (102 cases and 102 controls) selected through consecutive sampling. Data were collected from medical records regarding diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and blood glucose levels. Bivariate analysis used the Chi-Square test to calculate Odds Ratio (OR), and multivariate analysis used binary logistic regression to calculate Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with α = 0.05 and 95% CI. Results. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between diabetes mellitus and ischemic stroke (p = 0.000; OR = 4.9; 95% CI: 2.7-9.2). The proportion of diabetes mellitus in the stroke group was 57.8% compared to 21.6% in controls. Hypertension (OR = 12.5; p = 0.000) and dyslipidemia (OR = 5.5; p = 0.000) were also significant. Multivariate analysis showed diabetes mellitus remained an independent risk factor with AOR = 4.1 (95% CI: 2.0-8.3; p = 0.000). Hypertension had the highest AOR of 8.7, followed by diabetes mellitus (AOR = 4.1) and dyslipidemia (AOR = 3.4).Conclusion. Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for ischemic stroke with 4.9 times greater risk. After controlling for confounding variables, diabetes mellitus remained independent with AOR = 4.1.