Efek Pemberian Vitamin C terhadap Histologi Diameter Kalus dan Jumlah Osteoblas pada Tikus Wistar Jantan yang Mengalami Fraktur Tulang Femur Secara Komplit

Abstract

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to analyze the effect of Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) administration on the increase of callus diameter and osteoblast count histologically in male Wistar rats with complete femur fractures. Methods: This study was a laboratory experimental research with a post-test only control group design. Twenty-seven male Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n=9): Control Group (no treatment), P1 Group (administered Vitamin C injection at a dose of 200 mg/kgBW), and P2 Group (administered Vitamin C injection at a dose of 500 mg/kgBW). Intramuscular injections were given daily for 14 days following the complete femur fracture and fixation procedure. On the 14th day, the rats were euthanized for femur bone tissue collection. Histological examination was performed to measure callus diameter and osteoblast count. Data were analyzed using the One-Way ANOVA test. Results: The results showed a highly significant difference in the mean callus diameter (p < 0.001) among the three groups. The largest callus diameter was found in the P2 group (1163.85 ± 160.19 μm), followed by the P1 group (874.11 ± 121.81 μm), and the smallest in the Control group (323.87 ± 113.86 μm). The osteoblast count also showed a significant difference (p < 0.001) between the treatment groups and the control group. The P1 (102.56 ± 40.23) and P2 (98.89 ± 35.40) groups had significantly higher osteoblast counts compared to the Control group (30.33 ± 9.73). There was no statistically significant difference between the P1 and P2 groups (p > 0.05) regarding the osteoblast count. Conclusion: The administration of Vitamin C, at doses of both 200 mg/kgBW and 500 mg/kgBW, was proven to significantly increase callus diameter and osteoblast count in the healing process of complete femur fractures in male Wistar rats. Keywords: Vitamin C, Ascorbic Acid, Femur Fracture, Bone Healing, Callus Diameter, Osteoblast Count, Wistar Rats