Dampak Keberadaan PT Toba Agro Mandiri Pada Mata Pencaharian Masyarakat Desa Pohan Julu Kecamatan Siborong-Borong Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara

Abstract

This research is motivated by the presence of PT Toba Agro Mandiri in Pohan Julu Village, Siborong-borong District, North Tapanuli Regency since 2020, which has brought significant changes to the socio-economic structure of the community. Prior to the company’s arrival, most residents relied on traditional farming, managing their land on a subsistence basis. The company’s presence through land lease contracts and employment opportunities has created new economic prospects while at the same time generating several social problems. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of PT Toba Agro Mandiri on the shift of livelihoods in Pohan Julu Village by highlighting the forms of occupational changes, the factors driving land leasing, and the unequal access to available job opportunities. This study employs a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected through in-depth interviews, field observations, and documentation. Data were analyzed through data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing, with reference to Ellis’ livelihood theory (2000). The results show that the presence of PT Toba Agro Mandiri has positive impacts, including: additional income for landowners through lease contracts, the creation of new job opportunities for both daily and permanent workers; and the emergence of diversified supporting businesses in the village. However, this study also found negative impacts, such as: unequal access to jobs due to a non-transparent recruitment system; social disparities between landowners and landless households; and the decline of farming knowledge and skills among the younger generation due to reduced direct land management.