Analisis Gambaran Kasus-Kasus Kanker Serviks di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Haji Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Introduction. Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in women in Indonesia. Early detection and appropriate management significantly impact patient prognosis, but many patients still present at an advanced stage, which reduces survival rates. Purpose. This study aims to determine the profile of cervical cancer cases at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan in 2019 based on age, ethnicity, educational status, employment status, parity, clinical stage, histopathological type, management, and 5-year survival rate. Method. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the medical records of cervical cancer patients at RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan from January to December 2019. Sampling was conducted using the total sampling method on all patients who met the inclusion criteria, with a sample size of 76 patients. Data were analyzed univariately using SPSS software and presented in the form of frequency distributions and percentages. Results. The majority of cervical cancer patients were pre-elderly (45–59 years old), totaling 49 people (64.5%), and were of Batak ethnicity (39.5%). The majority have a high school education (48.7%) and are unemployed (69.7%). By parity, the multiparous group dominates (51.3%). The most common clinical stage is IIIB (50%), followed by IIB (38.2%). The most common histopathological type is squamous cell carcinoma (82.9%). The most common treatment is a combination of radiotherapy and chemotherapy (80.3%). The five-year survival rate was 6.6%, with 5 patients surviving and 71 patients dying within the five-year period. Conclusion. The majority of cervical cancer patients at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital in Medan present at an advanced stage with the histopathological type of squamous cell carcinoma and undergo combined radiotherapy-chemotherapy. The low five-year survival rate highlights the importance of improving early detection and screening programs for cervical cancer in the community.