Karakteristik Pasien dengan Penyakit Jantung Koroner di Rumah Sakit Haji Adam Malik tahun 2023-2024

Abstract

Background: Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) remains a major cause of global morbidity and mortality. This study aims to describe the characteristics of CHD patients at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan based on individual factors and medical history. Objective: This study aims to describe the characteristics of patients with coronary heart disease at Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, during 2023– 2024. Methods: This research utilized a descriptive approach, using data from the medical records of CHD patients treated at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan during the 2023–2024 period. The sample includes 1,171 patients in the study. Data collection was conducted through the Medical Records Installation and descriptively analyzed to determine the frequency distribution and percentage of each variable. Results: Out of 1,171 CHD patients, the age distribution tends to be concentrated in the middle-aged to elderly group. The groups with the highest frequency are in between 45-64 years old, accounting for 709 individuals (60,5%). The gender distribution reveals a significant dominance of males with 1,048 patients (89.5%), whereas females accounts for 123 cases (10.5%). In terms of diagnosis, CCS represents the majority of cases, accounting for 55.42%. Prominent risk factors observed are a history of Hypertension (77.3%), Smoking (67.5%), and Hypercholesterolemia (53.1%). A history of Diabetes Mellitus is found in 44% of patients, whereas a family history of CHD is only found in 8.4% of patient. Conclusion: The characteristics of CHD patients at Haji Adam Malik Hospital ini 2023-2024 was largely composed of males, primarily within the middle-aged to elderly range. This finding affirms that modifiable risk factors (hypertension, smoking, and hypercholesterolemia) are the largest contributors to the pathogenesis of CHD within this study’s population.