Isolasi dan Identifikasi Fungi Selulolitik di Bawah Tegakan Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp) Asal Stasiun Penelitian Soraya Aceh

Abstract

The Dipterocarpaceae family consists of woody plants that are characteristic of tropical forests. The Leuser Ecosystem is a tropical rainforest area in the Bukit Barisan mountains covering an area of 2.6 million hectares (Ha). One of the areas included in the Leuser Ecosystem is the Soraya Research Station, which has a fairly dominant population of Dipterocarpaceae. The study aimed to isolate, identify, and determine the potential of cellulolytic fungi found under Keruing (Dipterocarpus spp) trees at the Soraya Research Station in Aceh. Soil sampling was conducted by creating three plots in each 20x20 m stand. Soil sampling was conducted using purposive sampling, which is soil sampling based on the location of the plant species being studied. Soil samples were taken at a depth of 0-20 cm, where five random sampling points were taken in one plot and then composited. The soil pH results were 5.60 for Simantuk, 5.91 for Keruing Lagan, and 5.29 for Keruing Bawang. The C-organic results were 4.19% for Simantuk, 3.55% for Keruing Lagan, and 3.80% for Keruing Bawang. The P-available results were 18.53 ppm for Simantuk, 17.63 ppm for Keruing Lagan, and 19.47 ppm for Keruing Bawang. The CEC results were 20.15 me/100g for Simantuk, 24.08 me/100g for Keruing Lagan, and 22.31 me/100g for Keruing Bawang. Cellulolytic fungi were isolated using Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) media. Based on the results of cellulolytic fungus isolation, 30 isolates were obtained from the three stands. There were three genera of fungi found in the three keruing stands, namely Aspergillus (25 isolates), Penicillium (1 isolate), and Trichoderma (4 isolates). The cellulolytic index values of the 30 isolates ranged from 0.21 to 1.46, categorized as low and moderate.