Hubungan Durasi Hipertensi terhadap Gambaran Elektrokardiografi dan Rasio Kardiotoraks pada Pasien Hipertensi

Abstract

Hypertension is a condition which blood pressure in the blood vessels increases, potentially triggering various complications, especially in the heart. This study aims to determine the relationship between the duration of hypertension and electrocardiographic findings and cardiothoracic ratio in hypertensive patients. This study is an analytical observational study with a cross sectional design. Data were obtained through medical records at Adam Malik Hospital in Medan in the period July 2024 – May 2025. The data were selected using consecutive sampling with a total sample of 100 patients. The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with chi-square test through SPSS software version 27. From 100 patients, the majority were aged 56 – 65 years (41%), female (51%), had duration of hypertension of five years or more (56%), had abnormal electrocardiography findings (65%), had cardiothoracic ratio > 50% (68%), had urea test results that were balanced between normal and abnormal (50%), had abnormal creatinin test results (73%), and had decreased eGFR values (73%). Bivariate analysis showed a relationship between the duration of hypertension and electrocardiography findings and cardiothoracic ratio with p-values of <0,001 and 0,001, respectively. This study shows a relationship between the duration of hypertension and electrocardiography findings and cardiothoracic ratio in hypertensive patients.