Optimasi Mikropropagasi Tanaman Terong Belanda (Solanum betaceum Cav.) Menggunakan Meristem Apikal dan Aksilar.

Abstract

MINDO MERCY SITORUS. Optimization of Micropropagation of Tamarillo Plants (Solanum betaceum Cav.) Using Apical and Axillar Meristems. (Supervised by LUTHFI AZIZ MAHMUD SIREGAR. Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum Cav.) is a tropical fruit commodity that has economic value due to its high nutritional content, but conventional propagation of this plant faces challenges in terms of efficiency and availability of uniform seeds. Therefore, optimization of modern propagation techniques, namely in vitro micropropagation, is needed. The objective of this study was to determine the optimal combination of ZPT concentration and explant type for in vitro micropropagation of apical and axillary shoots of Dutch eggplant. This study was conducted at the Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, from March to August 2025. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor was the type of explant, namely apical shoots and axillary shoots (nodes). The second factor was the concentration of ZPT, namely: 4mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L NAA, 3mg/L BAP, 3mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L NAA, 4mg/L BAP, 5mg/L BAP, 5mg/L BAP + 0.5 mg/L NAA. The parameters observed were the percentage of explants forming shoots (%), days to shoot emergence (DSE), shoot length (cm), number of nodes (nodes), number of axillary branches (branches), number of adventitious shoots (shoots), number of leaves (leaves), number of adventitious roots (roots), root length (cm), and percentage of explants forming callus (%). The results showed that the interaction between explant type and application of various PGR concentrations had a significant effect on the parameters of shoot length, number of axillary branches, and number of leaves.