Faktor Risiko terhadap Kejadian Neuropati Diabetik pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Adam Malik

Abstract

Introduction. Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) that can reduce quality of life. The increasing prevalence of DM in Indonesia has the potential to increase the incidence of diabetic neuropathy. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the risk factors that contribute to the occurrence of diabetic neuropathy. Objective. This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with the occurrence of diabetic neuropathy in type 2 DM patients at Adam Malik Hospital in Medan. Methods. This is a descriptive analytical study with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from the medical records of type 2 DM patients at Adam Malik Hospital in Medan. The samples were 100 medical records and were selected using purposive sampling. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analysis using Chi-square test at a significance level of α = 0.05. Results and Discussion. A totaly, 47% has diabetic neuropathy. Bivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between HbA1c levels (p=0.007) and blood pressure (p=0.04) with the incidence of diabetic neuropathy. Gender (p=0.243), age (p=0.288), duration of DM (p=0.456), and body mass index (p=0.987) were not corelate to diabetic neuropathy. Conclusion. The risk factors for diabetic neuropathy in type 2 DM patients at Adam Malik Hospital in Medan are HbA1c levels and blood pressure. Controlled HbA1c levels and blood pressure may prevent diabetic neuropathy complications.