Hubungan Faktor Prognostik pada Pasien Defek Septum Atrium Dewasa terhadap Mortalitas di Rumah Sakit Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Background: Atrial septal defect (ASD) is the most common congenital heart disease found in adults. As they age, adult ASD patients can develop serious complications such as pulmonary hypertension, atrial fibrillation, and heart failure, which can contribute to mortality. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between prognostic factors (age at diagnosis, gender, defect size, atrial fibrillation, trombus, history of defect repair, and degree of pulmonary hypertension) and mortality in adult ASD patients at RS Adam Malik Medan. Methods: This study used an analytical design with a retrospective cohort approach. The sample consisted of 118 medical records of adult ASD patients at RS Adam Malik Medan during 2024, collected using a total sampling technique. Data were analyzed bivariate and multivariate to obtain the adjusted odds ratio (AOR). Results: Out of 118 subjects, 8 experienced mortality. Bivariate analysis found a statistically significant relationship between age and operation history with mortality. In the multivariate analysis, which included the age and operation variables, age was proven to be the only significant independent prognostic factor. Conclusion: There is a relationship between age and operation history factors with mortality in adult ASD patients. The most influential independent prognostic factor on mortality in adult ASD patients is age.