Sistem Pengisian Susu Kambing Otomatis dengan Fitur Sterilisasi UV Berbasis Programmable Logic Control (PLC) Omron CP1E

Abstract

Goat milk is a natural food product classified as a perishable commodity with a high susceptibility to microbial contamination, including Coliform and Escherichia coli bacteria. In many traditional farms, milk processing is still carried out manually— from milking and filling to packaging—which increases the risk of contamination and reduces milk quality. This study aims to design an automated system, compare its performance with manual methods, and analyze the effective UV sterilization time for goat milk. The system was developed using several key components, including a flowmeter, capacitive proximity sensor, conveyor motor, DC pump, solenoid valve, LED indicators, and a PLC module as the main controller. The test results indicate that the capacitive proximity sensor operates effectively at a distance of 0.5–1.5 cm, while the conveyor achieves an average speed of 0.0542 m/s along a 0.62 m track. The flowmeter is capable of measuring an average volume of 331.6 mL within 4.056 seconds, corresponding to a flow rate of 4.91 L/min and an operating frequency of 48.08 Hz, with a standard deviation of 3.51 mL. Meanwhile, the manual system achieves average filling volumes of 286.67 mL, 300 mL, and 308.33 mL, with standard deviations of 30.54 mL, 30 mL, and 30.15 mL, respectively. The UV sterilization feature demonstrates high effectiveness, reducing bacterial counts from 3.1–3.2×10⁶ CFU/mL to 5–6×10¹ CFU/mL after 3 minutes of exposure, achieving an inactivation rate of more than 99.9%. Thus, the proposed system is proven to be feasible and effective, with strong potential to improve hygiene, accuracy, and efficiency in small- to medium-scale goat milk processing.