Hubungan Miopia dengan Peningkatan Tekanan Intraokular di Poliklinik Mata Rumah Sakit Prof. dr. Chairuddin Panusunan Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Introduction. Myopia is a refractive error in which light rays focus in front of the retina due to elongation of the axial length of the eye. Structural changes occurring in myopic eyes may influence intraocular pressure (IOP), which is one of the major risk factors for glaucoma. Therefore, evaluating the association between the degree of myopia and intraocular pressure is important for early detection of glaucoma risk in myopic patients. Objective. To determine the relationship between the degree of myopia and intraocular pressure among patients at Prof. dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, INDONESIA. Methods. This study is an analytical observational research with a retrospective design. Data were obtained from medical records of patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sampling technique used was total sampling, with a total of 68 patients. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and Fisher’s Exact Test, with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results. Most respondents were female, aged 20–41 years, and had mild myopia. In the right eye, no significant association was found between the degree of myopia and intraocular pressure due to the constant IOP values. In the left eye, a significant association was found between the degree of myopia and intraocular pressure with a p-value of 0.022. The Fisher’s Exact Test supported this result with a p-value < 0.05. Conclusion. There is a significant relationship between the degree of myopia and intraocular pressure in the left eye of myopic patients, while no significant relationship was found in the right eye. A higher degree of myopia tends to be associated with increased intraocular pressure. Routine intraocular pressure monitoring is recommended for myopic patients as an effort for early detection of glaucoma risk.