Hubungan Skor Kalsiumarteri Koroner dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh pada Pasien Sindrom Koroner Kronik di RSUP Haji Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Background. Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide, including in Indonesia. One of its chronic forms, chronic coronary syndrome, is caused by progressive atherosclerosis. Coronary artery calcium score (CACS) serves as an important marker for assessing arterial calcification, while body mass index (BMI) is an indicator of nutritional status associated with metabolic risk and atherosclerosis. Objective. To determine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and coronary artery calcium score (CACS) in patients with chronic coronary syndrome at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan. Methods. This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design involving 100 patients with chronic coronary syndrome who underwent cardiac CT-scan and BMI measurement at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, from July to November 2025. The relationship between BMI and CACS was analyzed using the Chi-Square test. Results. Most patients were in the 45–64-year age group (63%) with an equal proportion of males and females. A total of 51% of patients were classified as obese and 49% as non-obese. Based on coronary artery calcium scores, 78% were in the non–high-risk category and 22% in the high-risk category. Other risk factors identified included hypertension (63%), smoking (35%), elevated LDL levels (45%), and diabetes mellitus (26%). The Chi-Square test showed a significant relationship between BMI and coronary artery calcium score (p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis revealed that BMI (p = 0.001; OR = 1.228) and age (p = 0.003; OR = 5.427) were independent predictors of elevated coronary artery calcium scores, while other factors showed no significant association after adjustment. Conclusion. There is a significant association between body mass index (BMI) and coronary artery calcium score, with obese patients tending to have higher calcium score