Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirih Hijau (Piper betle Linn) Terhadap Laju Korosi dan Gaya Friksi Kawat Ortodontik Nikel Titanium

Abstract

Nickel-titanium wires are commonly used in fixed orthodontic treatment due to their excellent flexibility and shape memory capabilities. However, exposure to the oral environment can cause wire corrosion, leading to increased frictional force and impaired tooth movement during orthodontic therapy. This study aimed to determine the mean corrosion rate and frictional force of nikel titanium wires immersed in artificial saliva, 0,2% chlorhexidine, and ethanol extract of green betel leaf at concentrations of 3%, 4%, and 5% for 1, 7, and 14 days. This laboratory experimental study used a post-test only control group design. The sample in this study consisted of 60 nickel titanium orthodontic wires measuring 5 cm in which were immersed in artificial saliva, 0.2% chlorhexidine, and ethanol extract of green betel leaf at concentrations of 3%, 4%, and 5% for 1, 7, and 14 days at 37°C. Corrosion rate measurements were calculated using the weight loss method and the friction force was tested using a Universal Testing Machine at a distance of 5 mm and a speed of 10 mm/min. Surface analysis on the 14th day was carried out with SEM. The Shapiro–Wilk test was used to assess normality, then the data were analyzed by One-Way ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis according to the distribution. When compared with artificial saliva and 0.2% chlorhexidine, the ethanol extract of green betel leaf, especially at a concentration of 5%, resulted the lowest corrosion rate and frictional force on NiTi wires. The highest corrosion and frictional force were observed in 0,2% chlorhexidine. Furthermore, after 14 days, the surface of the wire treated with 5% extract appeared smoothest. In conclusion, there were significant differences in the corrosion rate and frictional force of nickel–titanium orthodontic wires after immersion in artificial saliva, 0.2% chlorhexidine, and ethanol extract of green betel leaf at concentrations of 3%, 4%, and 5% for 1, 7, and 14 days.