Seleksi Karakter Panjang dan Diameter Tongkol pada Jagung Pelangi (Zea Mays L.) Generasi F5 Hasil Persilangan Bebas Berdasarkan Seleksi Massa

Abstract

Corn (Zea mays L.) is one of the important food crops in Indonesia besides rice. Efforts to increase corn production include variety assembly, with selection as the first step. This study aims to select F5 generation rainbow corn plants with the best cob length and diameter using the mass method and is expected to be useful as a genetic source for subsequent selection. The research method used is a mass selection method without a design, with a sample size of 120 seeds from F4 seeds produced from previous generations. The parameters selected in this study were the length and diameter of the cob on the entire plant. The results showed that plant height, number of leaves, male flowering age, female flowering age, cob length, cob diameter, number of rows per cob, number of seeds/row, number of seeds, and cob weight had phenotypic variation with diverse criteria. Meanwhile, the number of cobs per plant had phenotypic variation with uniform criteria. The selection results showed that the genotypes that could be selected as selection materials for the characteristics of cob length and diameter were plant J43 with a cob length of 18.2 cm and a cob diameter of 4.1 cm, plant J65 with a length of 18.2 cm and a diameter of 4.0 cm, and plant J86 with a length of 18 cm and a diameter of 4.0 cm.