Pengaruh Penggunaan Hidrogel Ekstrak Kemenyan Toba (Styrax sumatrana J.J. Sm.) terhadap Penyembuhan Luka, Ekspresi IL-6, TGF-β1, dan FGF-2 pada Kelinci Putih Model Luka Bakar

Abstract

Background: Burn wound are a common problem in society, especially in poor and developing countries. In Indonesia, burn wound account for 1.3% and in Sumatera Utara about 1.04%. Traditional burn treatment using herbal plants has been present in Indonesian society since ancient times, one of which is the use of toba frankincense by the Batak Toba community in Sumatera Utara. However, research on the use of toba frankincense in burn wound healing is still limited. Until this research was conducted, there had been no studies on the wound healing, expression of IL-6, TGFb1, and FGF-2 regarding the use of toba frankincense as a treatment for burn wound, whether in animal or human models. Objective: To evaluate the effect of using toba frankincense extract hydrogel on burn wound healing, IL-6, TGF-b1, and FGF-2 expression in New Zealand white rabbits with burn wound models. Methods: Preclinical test with a posttest-only experimental design using a control. One hundred twenty second-degree burn samples were divided into 6 groups consist of group with no intervention, colloidal silver gel application, hydrogel without toba frankincense extract, and hydrogel with toba frankincense extract at concentrations of 0.4%; 0.6%; and 0.8%. Each group was taken to examine burn healing parameters, namely burn area, perfusion unit, erythema score, epidermis and dermis thickness, number of macrophage, lymphocyte, and fibroblast, collagen density, and expression of IL-6, TGF-b1, and FGF-2 on days 3, 5, 7 and 14. The obtained data, descriptive analysis, Mann- Whitney test, and heatmap dendrogram were conducted. Results: The 0.8% toba frankincense extract hydrogel has the greatest effect in increasing burn wound healing, increasing the growth of epidermis and dermis, decreasing the number of macrophage and lymphocyte, increasing the number of fibroblast and collagen density, decreasing IL-6 expression, also increasing FGF-2 expression. The 0.6% toba frankincense extract hydrogel has the greatest effect in increasing TGF-b1. Conclusion: The 0.8% toba frankincense extract hydrogel is more effective in accelerating burn wound healing than colloidal silver gel