Hubungan Ekspresi Programmed Death Ligan 1 (PD-L1) dengan Densitas Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) pada beberapa Subtipe Karsinoma Ovarium

Abstract

Background: PD-L1 and TILs play crucial roles in the tumor microenvironment, modulating immune responses in ovarian carcinoma. However, studies analyzing their relationship across different histological subtypes remain limited. Objective: To evaluate the correlation between PD-L1 expression and TILs density in various ovarian carcinoma subtypes. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 40 ovarian carcinoma cases using immunohistochemistry. PD-L1 expression was assessed in both intratumoral and stromal areas, while TILs density was evaluated in the same regions. Somers’ D correlation test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Among 40 cases of ovarian carcinoma, the majority of patients were aged between 40–50 years and were in clinical stage I. The most common histopathological subtype was serous carcinoma. Intratumoral and stromal TILs densities were predominantly low, at 77.5% and 72.5% respectively. Positive intratumoral PD-L1 expression was found in 5% of cases, while stromal PD-L1 expression was not observed in any sample. Somers’ D correlation test showed no statistically significant relationship between PD-L1 expression and TILs density, either in intratumoral or stromal compartments, both overall and based on histopathological subtypes. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between PD-L1 expression and TILs density in various subtypes of ovarian carcinoma. Nevertheless, the patterns of PD-L1 expression and TILs distribution varied across subtypes, which may reflect the heterogeneity of the tumor immune microenvironment. These findings highlight the need for separate evaluation of PD-L1 and TILs as immune biomarkers, as well as the importance of individualized approaches in the development of immunotherapy for ovarian carcinoma.