Analisis Nilai Dimensi Fraktal Tulang Trabekula Mandibula Pada Suku Batak dan Etnis Papua melalui Radiograf Panoramik

Abstract

Panoramic radiography is a commonly used radiographic method in dentistry because it provides a comprehensive image of the teeth and jaw structures with a low radiation dose. Fractal analysis is used to assess the complex pattern of trabecular bone by calculating the fractal dimension (FD) value, which reflects the density and regularity of the bone structure. This study aims to determine the differences in the mean fractal dimension values of mandibular trabecular bone between the Batak and Papuan ethnic groups through panoramic radiographs.This study is an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design. The samples consisted of 118 digital panoramic radiographs, comprising 59 samples from the Batak ethnic group and 59 samples from the Papuan ethnic group, aged 20–30 years. Measurements were performed using ImageJ software version 1.54p on regions of interest (ROI) located at the mesial edge of the right and left mental foramen. Data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney test with a significance level of p<0.05. The results showed that the mean fractal dimension value of mandibular trabecular bone in the Batak ethnic groupwas 1.250 ± 0.087, while in the Papuan ethnic group it was 1.294 ± 0.080, with a p-value of 0.005, indicating a significant difference. The higher fractal dimension value in the Papuan ethnic group suggests a denser and more complex trabecular structure compared to the Batak ethnic group.The conclusion is that there is a significant difference in the fractal dimension values of mandibular trabecular bone between the Batak and Papuan ethnic groups.