Hubungan Kondisi Fisik Lingkungan Rumah Penduduk dengan Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Tanjung Botung Kabupaten Padang Lawas

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the public health issues requiring serious attention. It is closely related to housing conditions, which involve various aspects in the surrounding residential environment, such as ventilation, lighting, residential density, and hygiene. This might greatly impact on the health of the residence. The study aimed to analyze the factors of housing condition in relation to TB incidence within the work area of Tanjung Botung Public Health Center (Puskesmas), Padang Lawas Regency in 2025. This was an analytical study with case-control design through observation, interviews, and statistical analysis. Samples consisted of case group (TB sufferers) and control group (non-TB sufferers) selected using purposive sampling, involving 81 sufferers within the work area of the health center between January 2024-March 2025. Univariate analysis showed that the 22-44 years age group was the most vulnerable, with most respondents being male (58.7%) and high school graduates (52.4%). Bivariate analysis showed significance between ventilation (p=0.013), type of flooring (p=0.023), lighting (p=0.001), humidity (p=0.040), wall (p=0.027), bedroom window (p=0.001), kitchen vent (p=0.004), also residential density (p=0.025) with TB incidence. Meanwhile, no significance was observed between living room window and TB incidence (p=0.376). OR values of each variables were >1, which indicated that all variables of the housing condition are risk factors for TB. This study demonstrated that housing conditions play a role in TB incidence. Thus, more counseling on healthy home criteria, and increasing public awareness towards housing conditions to meet the health standards are required.