Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan Dengan Putus Obat Pada Pasien TB Paru Sensitif Obat di Medan

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis is the 13th largest cause of death in the world and infectious diseases are the second largest cause of death. Indonesia is ranked 2nd with the largest number of TB patients in the world after India. TB treatment takes a long time (up to 6 months) to heal and with a combination of several medications, but the biggest challenge is to ensure complete treatment in the patient. Compliance with TB treatment is so complex. Quitting medication is a severe problem, it can increase the rate of pain and mortality in patients, as well as extend the spread of germs to families and wider communities. Objective: To find out the factors associated with drug cessation in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis sensitive to drugs in the field. Methods: This investigation is a descriptive-analytical study using a cross-sectional approach. The study was conducted for 7 months at RSUP Adam Malik Medan and Hospital Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis USU in patients with TB SO who have been bacteriologically diagnosed. The data used was 100 patient subjects meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria. it was divided into one that stopped treatment and one that didn't stop treatment/treatment completed. Independent variables include gender, age, educational level, employment, marital status, family history of TB, attitudes to TB treatment, social support, and health care. Results: Out of 100 study samples, 40 were patients with pulmonary tuberculosis who had stopped taking medication and 60 had not stopped treatment/treatment completed. Significant correlations were found between age variables (p=0,034), gender (p = 0,001, RP = 1,688), employment (P = 0,041), marital status (P= 0,039), attitudes (P<0,000, RP = 2,852), social support (P <0,000, RP = 3,52) and health care services (p<0.000, RP= 2,642) with the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis after discontinuation of treatment. Based on multivariate analysis, Inadequate attitude variables and low social support are becoming risk factors for lost to follow up in DS TB. Conclusion: Age, gender, employment, marital status, attitudes, social support, and health care are significantly linked to the incidence of lost to follow up in DS- TB. Instead, no significant relationship was found between the level of education and the family history of TB with the incidences of lost to follow up in DS- TB. With the gender variable male, less attitude to TB treatment, low-level social support, and less supported health care is a risk factor for lost to follow up in DS- TB incidence.