| dc.description.abstract | Shrimp is one of Indonesia’s leading export commodities in the fisheries
and marine sector, contributing significantly to the country’s foreign exchange
earnings. This contribution has positioned Indonesia as one of the major shrimp
exporters in the global market. However, Indonesia’s shrimp export volume has
fluctuated over the years, influenced by global economic dynamics and trade
policies from major importing countries such as the United States, Japan, and
China. One of the policies that affect export performance is Non-Tariff Measures
(NTMs), which include Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS) and Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT). Therefore, this study aims to analyze the impact of NTMs
and other economic factors on Indonesia’s shrimp export volume during the period
2006–2023.
This research employs a quantitative approach using panel data analysis
based on the gravity model. The variables used include the Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) per capita of major importing countries, economic distance, export price,
exchange rate against the US dollar, and NTMs represented by SPS and TBT
indicators. The data used are secondary data obtained from the World Bank, UN
Comtrade, CEPII, the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP), and the
World Trade Organization (WTO). Data analysis was conducted using panel data
regression with the Fixed Effect (FE) model, based on a natural logarithm gravity
model approach executed via the Stata program.
The research findings indicate that the importing countries' GDP per capita
has a positive and statistically significant effect on Indonesia's shrimp export
volume. Distance and the exchange rate show a positive but insignificant effect,
while price exhibits a negative but insignificant effect. Meanwhile, NTM policies
generally have a negative influence on exports, with the SPS variable having a
negative and statistically significant impact, and the TBT variable showing a
negative but insignificant impact. | en_US |
