Efektivitas Jahe Merah (Zingiber Officinale var. Rubrum) terhadap Seluler dalam Pergerakan Gigi Ortodontik pada Tikus Wistar

Abstract

Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) involves a complex biological process of alveolar bone remodeling controlled by osteoclast and osteoblast activity. Red ginger (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) contains bioactive compounds such as gingerols and shogaols, which have anti-inflammatory effects and can modulate bone metabolism, potentially influencing OTM. This study aimed to determine the effect of red ginger extract on the rate of tooth movement and the number of osteoclasts and osteoblasts during OTM. An experimental study with a post-test only control group design used 40 male Wistar rats divided into three groups: baseline, negative control (treatment only), and treatment (red ginger extract 200 mg/kgBW). An orthodontic force of 0.25 N was applied using a closed coil spring. Tooth movement distance was measured morphometrically on days 0, 1, 3, and 7. The number of osteoclasts and osteoblasts was analyzed from histological specimens stained with HE. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, MANOVA, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The red ginger group showed a significant change in rate of tooth movement over time (p=0.008). Comparison of tooth movement rates between the red ginger and control groups revealed no statistically significant difference. At the cellular level, the red ginger group tended to show lower osteoclast counts and higher osteoblast counts on day 7, with no statistically significant differences. Red ginger extract did not significantly affect the rate of orthodontic tooth movement or the counts of osteoclasts and osteoblasts during the 7-day observation period.