Preparasi Biofilm Antibakteri Berbasis Karboksimetil Selulosa, Selulosa Bakteri Teh Kombucha, Kitosan atau TiO2 dengan Gliserol sebagai Plasticizer

Abstract

The preparation and characterization of antibacterial biofilms based on carboxymethyl cellulose, bacterial cellulose from kombucha tea, chitosan or TiO₂, with glycerol as a plasticizer, were carried out in this study. The aim of this research was to identify the characteristics of the resulting biofilms and evaluate their potential application as wound dressings. The procedures included the cultivation of bacterial cellulose in kombucha tea, determination of the optimum CMC–bacterial cellulose (CMC–BC) ratio, and the preparation of CMC–BC–glycerol, CMC–BC–glycerol– chitosan, and CMC–BC–glycerol–TiO₂ biofilms. Characterization consisted of solubility testing, tensile strength testing, antibacterial activity testing, and thermal stability analysis using TGA. The homogeneity test showed that the CMC–BC film with a 10% (w/w) CMC–BC ratio was the optimum formulation. The results also demonstrated that the CMC–BC–glycerol–TiO₂ biofilm exhibited superior antibacterial properties compared to the CMC–BC–glycerol and CMC–BC–glycerol– chitosan biofilms, with inhibition zone diameters of 12.23 mm against Escherichia coli and 14.10 mm against Staphylococcus aureus. This film also showed good thermal stability, indicated by its high final residue value (38.95%). Meanwhile, the CMC– BC–glycerol 7.5% biofilm was identified as the best variation based on its solubility percentage (77.83%), elongation percentage (3.84%), and tensile strength value (4.8146 MPa).