Uji Potensi Chip Periodontal yang Mengandung Kitosan Karboksimetil, Hyaluronic Acid, dan Kolagen terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis dan Uji Sitotoksisitas Sel Fibroblas (In Vitro)

Abstract

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the destruction of periodontal supporting tissues, strongly associated with the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Local delivery of antimicrobial biomaterials is needed to enhance periodontal therapy outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of periodontal chips formulated with carboxymethyl chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and collagen against Porphyromonas gingivalis, as well as to assess their cytotoxicity on 3T3 fibroblast cells. The chips were prepared by combining carboxymethyl chitosan, hyaluronic acid, collagen. Antibacterial testing was conducted using the Kirby–Bauer method on Brucella Agar with 5% sheep blood under anaerobic conditions for 48 hours. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay after 24 hours of incubation, and cell viability was interpreted according to ISO 10993-5. The results showed that the chip produced an inhibition zone of 16.99 mm, indicating strong antibacterial activity. The cytotoxicity test demonstrated a cell viability of 84.14%, which classifies the material as non-cytotoxic. In conclusion, periodontal chips containing carboxymethyl chitosan, hyaluronic acid, and collagen exhibit strong antibacterial effects against Porphyromonas gingivalis and demonstrate good biocompatibility by non cytotoxicity, indicating their potential for development as a local therapeutic agent for periodontal disease.