Hubungan Blood Urea Nitrogen dengan Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction pada Pasien Sindrom Koroner Akut di RS Adam Malik Medan

Abstract

Background: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) have been associated with adverse prognosis in patients with ACS. Methods: This analytical observational study was conducted among patients with ACS admitted to Haji Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia, from January to December 2024. Descriptive analysis was performed to characterize the study population, and the Spearman rho bivariate correlation test was used to assess the relationship between BUN levels and LVEF. Results: A total of 182 patients with ACS were included, the majority were male (83.5%), with a mean age of 56.8 ± 9.81 years. The mean BUN level was 16.61 ± 8.82 mg/dL. LVEF distribution showed that 24.7% of patients had LVEF <40%, with a mean LVEF of 51.2 ± 11.3%. Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated a significant association between BUN levels and LVEF (r = −0.218; p = 0.003). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between BUN levels and LVEF in patients with ACS. Higher BUN levels are associated with reduced LVEF, reflecting a greater degree of left ventricular systolic dysfunction.