Korelasi Kadar Immunoglobulin M-Anti Phenolic Glycolipid-1 dengan Kadar Inslulin Like Growth Factor-1 Plasma Pada Narakontak Serumah Pasien Kusta

Abstract

Background: Household contacts of leprosy patients are at higher risk of developing subclinical infection, which can be detected through IgM anti-PGL-1 levels. Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) plays an important role in tissue homeostasis and immune response and is thought to be induced by Mycobacterium leprae infection. The correlation between IgM anti-PGL-1 antibody levels and plasma IGF-1 levels in household contacts of leprosy patients has rarely been studied in Indonesia, thus requiring further investigation. Objective: To analyze the correlation between IgM anti-PGL-1 antibody levels and plasma IGF-1 levels in household contacts of leprosy patients. Subjects and Methods: This was an analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design involving 52 household contacts of leprosy patients aged 18–59 years who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Samples were collected using consecutive sampling at the Dermatology and Venereology Clinic. IgM anti-PGL-1 levels were measured using a quantitative indirect ELISA, while plasma IGF-1 levels were examined using a quantitative sandwich ELISA. Subject characteristics were presented in frequencies and percentages. Normality testing was performed using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. The correlation between IgM anti-PGL-1 and plasma IGF-1 levels was analyzed using Spearman‘s correlation, followed by linear regression analysis to assess the independence of the relationship. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Most of the study subjects were female (51.9%) with the dominant age group of 26–35 years (34.6%). The most common type of household contact was children of leprosy patients (25.0%). The mean IgM anti-PGL-1 level was 681.3 u/mL, and the mean plasma IGF-1 level was 7.86 ng/mL. Spearman‘s correlation analysis showed a very weak and non significant correlation between the two variables (r = 0.017; p > 0.05). Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between IgM anti-PGL-1 and plasma IGF-1 levels in household contacts of leprosy patients.