Desain Tempat Pengolahan Sampah Berbasis Reduce Reuse Recycle (TPS3R) pada Kawasan Universitas Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Campuses have a high potential for waste generation, which originates from various activities of the academic community. The total waste generation calculated in the USU area amounts to 15.22 m³ per day in volume and 1,138.97 kg per day by weight. The waste composition is dominated by organic waste, consisting of food waste at 29.78% and wood and yard waste at 9.72%, followed by plastic waste at 27.17%, paper at 21.46%, textile waste at 1.67%, metal at 0.82%, glass at 0.26%, and other waste at 9.12%. Based on the recovery factor, 54.59% of the generated waste can be reduced. Therefore, waste processing planning is required to minimize the negative impacts of waste and to optimize waste management in the USU area. The planned waste service level is designed to handle 120% of the generated waste to accommodate fluctuations, with a processing capacity of 1,366.76 kg/day or 18.26 m³/day in volume. The planning was conducted based on the Technical Guidelines for TPS 3R issued by the Directorate General of Human Settlements, Ministry of Public Works and Housing (PUPR) in 2017. This planning includes the development of the TPS 3R concept, preparation of the TPS 3R process flow diagram, calculation of the mass balance of incoming and outgoing waste, determination of equipment and labor requirements, calculation of space requirements, and the design of the TPS 3R facility. Waste treatment in this plan is divided into five main processing units and supporting facilities, namely: waste reception; waste sorting, shredding, and washing; thermal processing of plastic waste through pyrolysis and residual waste through an incinerator; processing of yard waste using the stacked Takakura composting method; processing of food waste using Black Soldier Fly (BSF) larvae along with further processing of maggot-derived products; as well as product packaging and storage. Supporting facilities include an office, warehouse, restroom, and parking area, with a total land area requirement of 508.54 m².