Uji Ekstrak Etanol Biji Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) terhadap Daya Tetas dan Perkembangbiakan Larva Aedes aegypti

Abstract

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF), transmitted by Aedes aegypti, remains a major public health problem in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the effect of papaya seed extract (Carica papaya L.) on egg hatching rate and larval development of A. aegypti. The study employed an experimental design with five concentrations of papaya seed extract (C. papaya L.), namely 0%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%, with four replications. The observed variables included egg hatching rate, larval development into pupae, and pupal development into adults (imago). The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), which showed a significant effect (p < 0.05) on the egg hatching rate of A. aegypti, larval development into pupae, and pupal development into adults, followed by Duncan’s post hoc test. The ethanol extract of papaya seeds (C. papaya L.) at a concentration of 2% was effective in reducing egg hatching rate, larval development into pupae, and pupal development into adults by 50%. Furthermore, a concentration of 2.5% completely inhibited egg hatching as well as larval and pupal development, resulting in 0% survival. Phytochemical screening revealed that papaya seed extract (C. papaya L.) contained secondary metabolites, including flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins.