Identifikasi Lalat Buah Bactrocera spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae), Jenis Parasitoid dan Tingkat Parasitisasinya pada Beberapa Komoditas Buah-Buahan di Sumatera Utara

Abstract

One of the obstacles in reducing production of fruit commodities is caused by attacks from Bactrocera spp. A good control method is to utilize parasitoids. This study aimed to identify Bactrocera spp. and associated parasitoid genera, as well as to determine the rate of parasitization of parasitoids on Bactrocera spp. pests in several fruit commodities in North Sumatra. The research was conducted from May to October 2025 in four locations: Pancur Batu District (Taiwan Star Fruit), Kabanjahe District (TM Blazer F1 Tomatoes and Siam Oranges), and Secanggang District (Deli Honey Guava). Sampling was conducted using purposive random sampling on fruits showing symptoms of fruit fly infestation. Maintenance was carried out at the Plant Pest and Disease Observation Laboratory in Medan Johor, Department of Agriculture, North Sumatra Province, using the host rearing method until fruit flies and parasitoids emerged, then identified based on morphological characteristics using a stereo microscope. The results showed that three species of fruit flies were found, namely B. dorsalis, B. carambolae, and B. albistrigata. The most dominant species was B. dorsalis with 786 individuals. Two genera of parasitoids were found from the Braconidae family, namely Fopius sp. and Diachasmimorpha sp.. Parasitoids were only found on Taiwanese star fruit and Deli honey guava crops. The highest parasitization rate was found in Taiwanese star fruit in Pancur Batu District at 8.71% (Fopius sp. 7.73% and Diachasmimorpha sp. 0.98%), while in Deli honey guava in Secanggang District it was 3.23% by Fopius sp.. No parasitoids were found on tomatoes and Siamese oranges in Kabanjahe District.