Efektivitas Pasta Gigi Ekstrak Biji Bunga Matahari (Helianthus annuus Linn.) Dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus Secara In Vitro

Abstract

Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition triggered by the accumulation of bacterial plaque. Staphylococcus aureus is known as an opportunistic bacterium found in dental plaque and causing periodontal inflammation. The most effective plaque control method is the combination of using a toothbrush with toothpaste. The potential side effects of using chemicals in commercial toothpaste encourage the development of formulations based on natural ingredients. Sunflower seeds (Helianthus annuus Linn.) contain various secondary metabolites that have antibacterial activity. This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial effectiveness of toothpaste containing sunflower seed extract against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC® 29213 in vitro. The type of research is a laboratory experimental study with a post-test only control group design. Toothpaste with sunflower seed extract was formulated at concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 10%; Siwak-F toothpaste was used as a positive control and the toothpaste base as a negative control. Antibacterial activity testing was conducted using the well diffusion method on Mueller-Hinton Agar media with five replications. The results showed that concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 10% produced inhibition zones of 14.54 mm, 18.46 mm, and 22.74 mm, respectively. The positive control produced an inhibition zone of 20.30 mm, while the negative control showed no antibacterial activity because the clear zone formed was pseudo and originated from the components of the toothpaste base. The 10% concentration and the positive control did not show a statistically significant difference.