Hubungan antara Kadar Zinc Serum dengan Ukuran Lesi Kondiloma Akuminata pada Pasien Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Abstract

Background: Condyloma acuminata (CA) is a genital wart caused by HPV types 6 and 11, and is considered the most common sexually transmitted disease. In HIV patients, HPV infections are often more severe, with larger CA lesions. Low serum zinc levels can worsen the development of CA lesions. Objective: To analyze the relationship between serum zinc levels and the size of condyloma acuminata lesions in HIV patients. Methods: An observational study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted from November 2024 to October 2025 at the Dermatology and Venereology Clinic of Adam Malik Hospital Medan. The population consisted of HIV-positive CA patients. The sample size was determined using a comparative analytical formula with a consecutive sampling technique, resulting in 30 subjects. Serum zinc levels were measured using the Zinc (Zn) Colorimetric Assay Kit. Data were statistically processed using the Pearson correlation test. Results: The majority of HIV-positive CA patients were male, aged 25–35 years, unmarried, and had more than one sexual partner. Lesions were commonly found in the anal area, with varying sizes. Most patients had normal serum zinc levels, although some had zinc deficiency. Pearson’s test results showed a significant relationship between serum zinc levels and lesion size (r = –0.464; p = 0.001), indicating that lower zinc levels were associated with larger lesion sizes. Conclusion: A significant relationship exists between serum zinc levels and lesion size.