Uji Efektivitas Gel yang Mengandung Kitosan Karboksimetil dan Hyaluronic Acid terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis dan Uji Viabilitas Sel Fibroblas (in Vitro)

Abstract

Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the major pathogenic bacteria involved in the development of periodontal disease. This bacterium is difficult to eliminate through mechanical therapy such as scaling and root planing (SRP). Natural materials with strong antibacterial activity and high biocompatibility, such as carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) and hyaluronic acid (HA), offer potential as adjunctive agents to support periodontal therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a CMC-HA gel in inhibiting the growth of P. gingivalis and to assess its biocompatibility toward 3T3 fibroblast cells through a viability assay. The antibacterial activity test was conducted using the disc diffusion method on Brucella Agar Sheep Blood 5% medium. Meanwhile, cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay by measuring the absorbance of fibroblast cells after treatment and 24 hours of incubation. The results showed that the CMC-HA gel produced an average inhibition zone diameter of 13.52 mm, classified as strong antibacterial activity. In the cell viability test, the CMC-HA gel demonstrated an average viability of 86.53%, indicating that it is non-cytotoxic. In conclusion, the gel containing carboxymethyl chitosan and hyaluronic acid was effective in inhibiting the growth of P. gingivalis and exhibited good biocompatibility toward 3T3 fibroblast cells.