Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Daun Kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata) terhadap Waktu Koagulasi Darah pada Kelinci Albino (Oryctolagus cuniculus) secara in Vitro

Abstract

Indonesia has more than 9,609 plant species that are useful as medicine, one of which is the kirinyuh leaf (Chromolaena odorata) which is widely used by people in Kabanjahe City, Karo Regency, to stop bleeding and accelerate wound healing. Bleeding in the oral cavity due to extraction or surgery can last longer if there is a hemostasis disorder or blood coagulation disorder. This study aims to determine the phytochemical content of kirinyuh leaf extract qualitatively and quantitatively, as well as the effective concentration in accelerating blood coagulation time. The study began with a determination test, followed by qualitative and quantitative phytochemical tests, and a blood coagulation time test using the Lee and White method. Arterial blood samples were taken from four male albino rabbits aged 8–9 months that had been acclimatized for seven days. Each rabbit was taken 7 ml of blood, for a total of 28 ml, and divided into seven groups: negative control, positive control (tranexamic acid), and kirinyuh leaf extract with concentrations of 3.125%, 6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, and 50%. The results of qualitative phytochemical tests showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, saponins, triterpenoids/steroids, and glycosides, with the main hemostatic compounds being flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. Quantitative tests showed flavonoid content of 3.6736%, tannins 12.281%, and saponins 7.7094%. Blood coagulation tests showed a negative control of 300–330 seconds, a positive control of 150–180 seconds, a concentration of 12.5% 120–210 seconds, 25% 90 seconds, and 50% 120 seconds. Kruskall Wallis analysis yielded p = 0.001 (<0.05), indicating a significant difference. It was concluded that kirinyuh leaf extract effectively accelerated blood coagulation starting at a concentration of 25%, with an optimal effect at 25% and a decrease at 50%.