“Pecah Pendar” Sebagai Traditional Knowledge Pada Penentuan Lokasi Ikan Di Kecamatan Medan Belawan, Kota Medan : Dimensi, Makna, Dan Fungsi

Abstract

This research is motivated by the existence of traditional knowledge of fishermen in Medan Belawan District, known as “Pecah Pendar” . This term refers to the ability of fishermen to read natural signs in the form of sparkling lights on the sea surface as an indicator of the presence of schools of fish. Amidst the development of modern technology and increasing marine pollution, “Pecah Pendar” remains an important guideline for some traditional fishermen in determining fishing locations. The method used is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, where data is collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of fishermen who still use traditional fishing techniques. The results show that “Pecah Pendar” is local knowledge passed down from generation to generation, in the form of fishermen's ability to read natural signs through sparkling lights on the sea surface as an indicator of the presence of fish. This knowledge has ecological, social, and cultural value. Ecologically, “Pecah Pendar” helps fishermen determine the location and time of fishing without relying on expensive modern technology. Socially, it strengthens solidarity and cooperation among fishermen through the tradition of sharing information in the tangkahan. Meanwhile, culturally, “Pecah Pendar” symbolizes the harmonious relationship between humans and the sea, which is considered a source of life. However, this study also found that marine pollution from waste and plastic debris has impaired fishermen's ability to recognize these natural signs, resulting in decreased catches. Furthermore, the development of modern technologies such as GPS and sonar has also led to a shift in values among young fishermen, who are beginning to abandon traditional practices. Despite this, “Pecah Pendar” persists as a form of cultural resistance and ecological knowledge that represents the local wisdom of Belawan fishermen. This study emphasizes the importance of preserving traditional knowledge as part of coastal communities' adaptation strategies in the face of environmental change and modernization.