Analisis Akumulasi Plak pada Dental Implant Pasien di Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Universitas Sumatera Utara

Abstract

Dental implants are a widely used treatment option for replacing missing teeth with a high success rate. However, the long-term success of dental implants is strongly influenced by oral hygiene and effective plaque control. Plaque accumulation around dental implants may lead to peri-implant tissue inflammation, such as peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, which can result in implant failure. This study aimed to analyze plaque accumulation on dental implants in patients at the Dental and Oral Hospital of Universitas Sumatera Utara. This study was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects consisted of 35 patients who had dental implants and met the inclusion criteria. Plaque accumulation was assessed using the Mombelli Plaque Index on four implant surfaces: mesial, distal, vestibular, and oral. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that most patients had low to moderate levels of plaque accumulation. The majority of implant surfaces, particularly the vestibular and mesial surfaces, demonstrated a plaque score of 0. Higher plaque accumulation was observed on the distal and oral surfaces. Most patients exhibited healthy peri-implant conditions, while a small proportion presented peri-implant mucositis, and no cases of peri-implantitis were found. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that the level of plaque accumulation on dental implants in patients at the Faculty of Dentistry and Oral Hospital of the University of North Sumatra is generally considered low to moderate.