Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Near Miss pada Petugas Bagian Pemadaman di Dinas Pemadam Kebakaran dan Penyelamatan Kota Medan

Abstract

Occupational safety and health play a vital role in protecting workers from accidents, including near miss incidents frequently experienced by firefighters. A near miss is an event that almost leads to a workplace accident but does not result in physical or material loss. Firefighters are highly exposed to such risks due to hazardous working conditions, such as collapsing structures, toxic smoke, and electrical contact. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with near miss incidents among firefighters in Medan City in 2025. This research employed a quantitative analytic design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population included all 64 firefighters in the firefighting and rescue division of Medan City, using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and interviews, and analyzed using the chi-square test with a 95 percent confidence level. The results showed that the majority of respondents were aged >31 years (51.6%) and had worked for more than 7 years (53.1%). Most respondents (81.3%) had experienced a near miss, with the most frequent types being almost struck by sharp objects (87.5%) and nearly exposed to toxic smoke (82.8%). Bivariate analysis revealed significant associations between occupational safety and health (OSH) knowledge (p=0.0001), unsafe actions (p=0.024), and work environment (p=0.036) with near miss incidents. In contrast, age (p=0.865), years of service (p=0.570), and personal protective equipment (PPE) use (p=0.062) showed no significant association with near miss incidents. It is recommended that the Medan City Fire and Rescue Department enhance regular OSH training and awareness programs, strengthen discipline in safe work procedures, improve workplace conditions, and consistently emphasize the use of complete PPE, even though its statistical relationship was not significant.