Analisis Pengaruh Ekonomi Digital terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Indonesia, Pada Studi Kasus E-Commerce (Shopee, Tokopedia, Bukalapak, Lazada dan Blibli)

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of E-commerce platforms on economic growth in Indonesia through the mediating variable of the digital economy. The independent variables in this study consist offive major E-commerce platforms in Indonesia, namely Shopee, Tokopedia, Lazada, Bukalapak, and Blibli. The mediating variable is the digital economy, while the dependent variable is economic growth, measured using real Gross Domestic Product (GDP) indicators. This study employs interpolated quarterly secondary data covering the period from 2018 to 2024 and is analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling— Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) method. The results indicate that all Ecommerce platforms have a direct, positive, and significant effect on the digital economy. The original sample values are Shopee (0.362), Tokopedia (0.309), Lazada (0.151), Bukalapak (0.299), and Blibli (0.188), with t-statistics > 1.96 and p-values < 0.05. Furthermore, through the mediating variable of the digital economy, the five E-commerce platforms also have a positive and significant effect on economic growth, with original sample values of Shopee (0.549), Tokopedia (0.470), Lazada (0.229), Bukalapak (0.454), and Blibli (0.285), respectively. These findings confirm that the digital economy plays an important mediating role in strengthening the contribution of E-commerce to economic growth in Indonesia. This study provides implications for the government and industry stakeholders to continue promoting the optimization of digital infrastructure and the E-commerce ecosystem in order to support sustainable national economic growth.