Perancangan Sistem Pemantauan Emisi Gas Buang Kendaraan Berbasis Mikrokontroler

Abstract

This study aims to design a microcontroller-based vehicle exhaust emission monitoring system capable of detecting major pollutant gases, including carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), ammonia (NH₃), hydrocarbons (HC), and particulate matter (PM). The system utilizes MICS6814, MQ-2, GP2Y1010AU0F, and DHT22 sensors, which are integrated with an Arduino Uno R4 Wi-Fi microcontroller, a Neo-6M GPS module, and an SD Card Shield RTC V1.0 for data acquisition and storage. The experimental results indicate that cars generally produce higher exhaust emissions than motorcycles across all analyzed parameters. The average emissions in g/km were recorded as 0.026 g/km (motorcycle) and 0.029 g/km (car) for CO, 0.000022 g/km and 0.000077 g/km for NO₂, 0.000047 g/km and 0.000129 g/km for NH₃, 0.05 g/km and 0.23 g/km for HC, and 0.002 g/km and 0.006 g/km for PM, respectively. A comparison with the EURO 4 emission standards shows that the measured emissions remain within the permissible limits. This study demonstrates that the proposed system is capable of providing initial indications of vehicle emission levels. However, its application as an on-road emission testing device still requires further development, particularly in terms of sensor accuracy, environmental condition compensation, and prototype design and packaging to enhance practical usability.