Korelasi Bisprectral Index (BIS) dan Quantium Consciousness Index (QCON) dengan Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) dalam Menilai Kedalaman Sedasi pada Pasien Pascaoperasi dengan Teknik Anestesi Umum yang Tersedasi di Ruang Rawat Intensif

Abstract

Introduction: Adequate postoperative sedation plays a crucial role in preventing agitation and improving the effectiveness of intensive care. The Richmond Agitation– Sedation Scale (RASS) is routinely used to assess sedation in the ICU, yet Bispectral Index (BIS) and Quantium Consciousness Index (qCON), as electroencephalogram (EEG)-based tools, provide more objective quantitative measurements. Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the correlation between BIS and qCON values with RASS scores in assessing sedation depth in postoperative patients receiving general anesthesia at two government hospitals in Medan. Sedation depth was assessed upon ICU admission (T1), during personal hygiene procedures (T2), during airway suctioning (T3), and three hours after discontinuation of a midazolam 0.1 mg and fentanyl 0.02 mcg sedation regimen (T4). Results: A total of 38 patients were included. Most participants were male (63.2%) with a mean age of 46.6 ± 11.52 years, overweight BMI, ASA III status in 63.2%, average surgery duration of 172.37 ± 80.77 minutes, and 44.7% undergoing digestive surgery. Hemodynamic parameters included HR 81.18 ± 12.94 beats/min, SBP 120.47 ± 16.13 mmHg, DBP 76.18 ± 8.77 mmHg, and SpO ΍ 98.55 ± 0.76%. Significantly strong positive correlations were observed between BIS–RASS and qCON–RASS at T1, T2, and T3 (r ≥ 0.7; p < 0.05). Strong and positive correlations between BIS-qCON were observed in all evaluation time (r ≥ 0.7; p < 0.05). Conclusion: EEG-based sedation monitoring can be used clinically as a reliable adjunct to evaluate and adjust the depth of sedation in postoperative ICU patients.