Hubungan Rasio Trombosit-Limfosit dan Rasio Neutrofil-Limfosit dengan Derajat Keparahan Karsinoma Kolorektal

Abstract

Background. Colorectal carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Systemic inflammation plays a pivotal role in cancer progression through alterations in peripheral blood cell counts. The neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are simple, inexpensive, and easily obtainable inflammatory markers. However, data regarding their relationship with colorectal cancer severity in Indonesia remain limited. Objective. To determine the correlation between NLR and PLR with the severity of colorectal carcinoma. Methods. This analytic observational cross sectional study involved 56 colorectal carcinoma patients at Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital who met the inclusion criteria. NLR and PLR values were obtained from complete blood counts. Chi Square test was used to compare early stage (I II) and advanced stage (III IV) groups, while ROC analysis were applied to evaluate diagnostic value. Results. Most patients were in advanced stages (60.7%). Mean NLR and PLR values were significantly higher in advanced stages (p < 0.001). ROC analysis demonstrated excellent diagnostic performance with NLR AUC = 0.864 (cut off 4.68) and PLR AUC = 0.866 (cut off 122), both with sensitivity and specificity >80%. Conclusion. NLR and PLR are significantly associated with colorectal cancer severity and may serve as noninvasive hematologic biomarkers for assessing disease progression. Keywords: Colorectal carcinoma, Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio, Platelet to lymphocyte ratio, Systemic inflammation, Hematologic biomarker.