Analisis Pergeseran Peran pada Budaya Pernikahan Masyarakat Adat Minangkabau dalam Era Modernisasi

Abstract

This study examines the dynamics of social change occurring in the traditional Minangkabau marriage culture in Medan City due to the influence of modernization. The Minangkabau marriage culture, rich in symbolic and structural values, undergoes transformation when confronted with the realities of urban society. Traditional rituals such as maresek, batimbang tando, malam bainai, and manjapuik marapulai are now often simplified or performed symbolically due to efficiency considerations, time constraints, and modern lifestyles. This study employs a qualitative approach using descriptive methods and Talcott Parsons' structural-functional theory as an analytical framework. The results show that despite changes in the outward form of ceremonies, core values such as consultation, respect for women, and the social function of the extended family remain intact. Additionally, the roles of traditional figures like ninik mamak and bundo kanduang have shifted, from primary decision-makers to symbolic figures in some cases. These findings indicate a process of cultural negotiation undertaken by the Minangkabau community to maintain the continuity of tradition amid the tide of modernization. Thus, Minangkabau wedding culture in Medan City has not been completely eroded but has adapted flexibly to remain relevant in the context of contemporary urban life.