Hubungan Personal Hygiene dan Sanitasi Lingkungan Rumah dengan Keluhan Diare pada Pemulung di Kelurahan Tegalsari Mandala II Kecamatan Medan Denai

Abstract

Scavengers are a vulnerable population who are routinely exposed to unhealthy working and living environments, characterized by inadequate housing conditions, limited basic sanitation, and poor personal hygiene practices. These conditions increase the risk of health problems, particularly diarrhea, which is one of the most common digestive system complaints. Similar conditions are found among scavengers in Tegalsari Mandala II Subdistrict, Medan Denai District, indicating the need for research on factors associated with diarrhea complaints in this population. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between personal hygiene and household environmental sanitation with diarrhea complaints among scavengers in Tegalsari Mandala II Subdistrict, Medan Denai District. This study employed an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The study population consisted of all scavengers residing in Tegalsari Mandala II Subdistrict, totaling 70 individuals, and all were included as samples using a total sampling technique. Data were collected through structured interviews using questionnaires and direct observation of household environmental sanitation conditions. Bivariate analysis was conducted using the Chi-square test. The results showed that among the five indicators of personal hygiene, only hand, foot, and nail hygiene was significantly associated with diarrhea complaints (p = 0.002). Meanwhile, oral and dental hygiene (p = 0.063), hair hygiene (p = 0.372), eye, ear, and nose hygiene (p = 0.894), and skin hygiene were not significantly associated with diarrhea complaints. All indicators of household environmental sanitation showed a significant relationship with diarrhea complaints, including the provision of clean water (p = 0.003), latrine facilities (p = 0.002), wastewater disposal systems (SPAL) (p = 0.002), and solid waste management (p = 0.002). In conclusion, hand, foot, and nail hygiene as well as all aspects of household environmental sanitation were significantly associated with diarrhea complaints among scavengers. Therefore, efforts to improve clean and healthy living behaviors (PHBS) and to enhance basic sanitation facilities are essential to reduce the risk of diarrhea complaints in this vulnerable population.