Analisis Perbandingan Pendingin Aktif Panel Surya Berbasis Thermoelectric (Peltier Effect) dan Water Cooling Blocks

Abstract

An increase in the surface temperature of solar panels can reduce the efficiency of electrical energy conversion. This study aims to compare the performance of solar panels without cooling systems and solar panels using active cooling systems based on thermoelectric (Peltier effect) and water cooling blocks. The research method employed was an experimental approach using a 50 Wp monocrystalline solar panel with four test designs conducted simultaneously over five days. The observed parameters included panel temperature, output power, efficiency, and energy consumption of the cooling systems. The results show that active cooling systems are able to reduce solar panel temperature and improve efficiency. The copper pipe cooling system based on the Peltier effect achieved the highest temperature reduction of 6.86% with an efficiency increase of 2.41%, followed by water cooling blocks with an efficiency improvement of 1.52%, and direct Peltier effect cooling with an efficiency increase of 0.76%. These results indicate that the copper pipe cooling system is the most effective method for improving solar panel performance.