Studi Etnomedisin Tanaman Berkhasiat Antidiabetes dan Antikanker Pada Masyarakat di Kecamatan Bahorok Kabupaten Langkat

Abstract

Diabetes and cancer are among the diseases that contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. Ethnomedicine is an approach to explore the community's knowledge regarding disease management. This research documents plants with potential antidiabetic and anticancer properties in Bahorok District, Langkat Regency. This study aims to inventory the names, parts of the plants, processing methods, dosage instructions, requirements or prohibitions, Use Value Index (UVI) profile, Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), and Index of Cultural Significance (ICS) of the use of medicinal plants for traditional medicine in accordance with the local wisdom of the community in Bahorok District, Langkat Regency, as antidiabetic and anticancer drugs. This study used a qualitative descriptive method. Data was obtained through semi-structured interviews with informant selection using purposive sampling and snowball sampling techniques. Data is described qualitatively with tables and brief descriptions. The assessment of plants with potential antidiabetic and anticancer properties is processed using three parameters: Use Value Index (UVI), Relative Frequency of Citation (RFC), and Index of Cultural Significance (ICS). The results of the study obtained 112 medicinal plants with anticancer and antidiabetic properties from 42 families, with the most widely used plant species coming from the Zingiberaceae family. The most commonly used part of the plant is the leaf. The most common methods of processing are boiling, grinding/blending, and brewing. The most common method of use was drinking. The results of the plant potential profile obtained a UVI value range of 0.025-0.175. The RFC value range was 0.025-0.15 and the ICS value range was 4.5-105. Conclusion: Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that the use of plants with antidiabetic and anticancer properties by the community in Bahorok District, Langkat Regency, yielded 112 medicinal plants with anticancer and antidiabetic properties from 42 families, with the most numerous family being Zingiberaceae. The most commonly used part was the leaves, which were boiled and consumed as a drink.