Hubungan Karakteristik Individu dan Personal Hygiene dengan Keluhan Dermatitis Kontak Iritan pada Penyapu Jalan di Kecamatan Medan Selayang

Abstract

Occupational diseases are illnesses that can be caused by factors related to the work environment and the type of work itself. Contact dermatitis is a common occupational skin disease among workers, especially those in the informal sector such as street sweepers. Street sweepers in Medan Selayang District work in direct contact with garbage, putting them at high risk for contact dermatitis. Scavengers experience symptoms of contact dermatitis such as itching, redness, small fluid-filled blisters (vesicles), and spots on the skin. This study aims to determine the relationship between the use of personal protective equipment and personal hygiene with symptoms of contact dermatitis among street sweepers in Medan Selayang District. The research method used is analytical with a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique used total sampling with a sample size of 44 street sweepers. Data were collected through interviews using questionnaires and observations using observation sheets and analyzed univariately and bivariately using the chi-square test. The results showed that 40 street sweepers (90.9%) aged ≥ 30 years, 40 street sweepers (90.9%) with ≥ 5 years of service, 24 street sweepers (54.5%) working 6 hours per day, 34 people (77.3%) street sweepers with poor personal hygiene, and 32 people (72.7%) street sweepers who experienced contact dermatitis complaints. The results also showed that there was a relationship between age and contact dermatitis complaints with a p-value = 0.004, there was no relationship between length of service and contact dermatitis complaints with a p-value = 1.000, there was no relationship between length of employment and contact dermatitis complaints with a p-value = 0.320, and there was a relationship between personal hygiene and contact dermatitis complaints with a p-value = 0.002. It is recommended that managers and coordinators of street sweepers in Medan Selayang Subdistrict collaborate in conducting outreach on the importance of personal hygiene, as well as providing sanitation facilities and education on good personal hygiene practices.