Rancang Bangun Alat Pengering Kolektor Surya dengan Reflektor Parabola Menggunakan Kipas dan Solar Panel untuk Peningkatan Efisiensi Pengeringan

Abstract

This study aims to design, construct, and test a solar dryer system equipped with a solar collector featuring a parabolic reflector and a fan powered by a solar panel to enhance the drying efficiency of turmeric (Curcuma longa). The parabolic reflector intensifies solar radiation, thereby increasing the thermal energy absorbed by the copper pipe absorber wrapped with copper wire. Parameters observed include temperature, relative humidity, drying rate, collector efficiency, and drying effectiveness. Experimental results indicate a collector efficiency of 68.85%, categorized as optimal for a simple collector with single glass cover. The drying chamber temperature remained stable within 45–60 °C, which is effective in preserving the curcumin quality in turmeric. The application of the parabolic reflector significantly enhanced solar radiation intensity and collector operational temperature, while the forced convection system with the solar-powered fan noticeably accelerated the drying process compared to conventional methods. Drying effectiveness of 48.6% demonstrates that nearly half of the absorbed thermal energy was efficiently used for moisture evaporation. Thus, this solar dryer system presents a promising, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly technology capable of maintaining product quality.