Hubungan Perilaku Merokok Pasien dengan Kejadian Kanker Paru di RS Pendidikan Prof.Dr.Chairuddin.P. Lubis Tahun 2025

Abstract

Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally and in Indonesia. According to the GLOBOCAN 2022 report, lung cancer accounts for approximately 9.5 persen of all cancer cases in Indonesia, with a mortality rate of 15.2 persen. The Case Fatality Rate (CFR) of lung cancer in Indonesia reaches 88.6 persen, indicating low early detection and limited treatment accessibility. In North Sumatra Province, lung cancer contributes 14.3 persen of all cancer cases, with the prevalence of active smokers exceeding 25 persen, higher than the national average. In Medan City, lung cancer ranks among the five most common cancers, accounting for 12–15 persen of new cases, most of which are detected at an advanced stage. This study aims to determine the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics and smoking behavior with the incidence of lung cancer at Prof. Dr. Chairuddin P. Lubis Teaching Hospital in 2025. This analytical study used a cross-sectional design conducted from January to October 2025, involving 138 respondents selected using an accidental sampling technique. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with the chi-square test (α=0.05). The results showed significant associations between lung cancer incidence and smoking status (p=0.016), smoking duration (p=0.006), cigarette type (p=0.013), number of cigarettes smoked (p=0.030), history of lung disease (p=0.040), and environmental status (p=0.006). In conclusion, smoking behavior and environmental factors are significantly related to lung cancer incidence. These findings highlight the importance of prevention, early detection, and tobacco control, particularly for high-risk groups such as male active smokers with long smoking histories and poor environmental exposure.